Referat The War

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  • Publicat pe 22 Iunie 2016

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       "Before the dawn of civilization, war likely consisted of small-scale raiding. One half of the people found in a Nubian cemetery dating to as early as 12,000 years ago had died of violence. Since the rise of the state some 5,000 years ago, military activity has occurred over much of the globe. The advent of gunpowder and the acceleration of technological advances led to modern warfare. According to Conway W. Henderson, "One source claims 14,500 wars have taken place between 3500 BC and the late 20th century, costing 3.5 billion lives, leaving only 300 years of peace (Beer 1981: 20)." 
        In War Before Civilization, Lawrence H. Keeley, a professor at the University of Illinois, says that approximately 90–95% of known societies throughout history engaged in at least occasional warfare, and many fought constantly. For instance, between 1801 and 1840, Māoris engaged in 633 recorded intertribal battles. 
        According to William D. Rubinstein, "Pre-literate societies, even those organised in a relatively advanced way, were renowned for their studied cruelty....in 1826 Shaka and an army of 50,000 literally destroyed the Ndwandwe, a rival tribe. This report stated that the Ndwandwe numbered at least 40,000: 'they were all put to death'". Historically, more than a third of the Yanomamö males, on average, died from warfare. American anthropologist Chagnon claimed that men who participated in killings had more wives and children than those who did not. 
        In Western Europe, since the late 18th century, more than 150 conflicts and about 600 battles have taken place. 
        The Human Security Report 2005 documented a significant decline in the number and severity of armed conflicts since the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s. However, the evidence examined in the 2008 edition of the Center for International Development and Conflict Management's "Peace and Conflict" study indicated that the overall decline in conflicts had stalled. 
        Recent rapid increases in the technologies of war, and therefore in its destructiveness (see Mutual assured destruction), have caused widespread public concern, and have in all probability forestalled, and may hopefully altogether prevent the outbreak of a nuclear World War III. At the end of each of the last two World Wars, concerted and popular efforts were made to come to a greater understanding of the underlying dynamics of war and to thereby hopefully reduce or even eliminate it all together. These efforts materialized in the forms of the League of Nations, and its successor, the United Nations"
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  • Specificatii Referat The War :

    • Tema: The War
    • Tip de fisier: doc
    • Numar de pagini: 17 pagini
    • Nivel: Liceu
    • Descarcari: 0 descarcari
    • Accesari: 1386 accesari
    • Nota: 10.00/10 pe baza a 1 comentarii.
    • Pret: 10 Monede
    • Pret aproximativ in lei: 40 RON (pretul variaza in functie de modalitatea de plata aleasa)
      Disponibilitate: In stoc! Comanda-l acum!
    • Taguri: war, world war ii, cold war, english civil war, the battle of minden, first world war,

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